Homepage of project KDE. Download KDE from a homepage it is possible absolutely free of charge. For FreeBSD KDE it is better to take not from regular delivery of this OS, and from a site - there most likely there will be fresher version.

For installation KDE it is necessary download library "Qt" from a site of the developer . However, there is it and in distribution kits Linux and BSD-systems - it is necessary to watch only conformity of versions of library and KDE.

Additional components, including the main graphic and multimedia libraries are necessary for work KDE system X, and also many, some of which do not work without libraries "Glib" and "Gtk". However and all this is available in distribution kits and, most likely, is established from them by default.

Process of independent installation KDE - not simple business. Both because of complexity of additional components dependences, and from the point of view of time expenses. However individual assembly KDE is capable to give a significant gain of productivity. Alternative completely manual installation - use of ports of BSD-systems.

In itself KDE environment in the form of initial codes includes about one and a half dozens packages, the list and which structure varies from the version to the version a little. Now it looks as follows:

• kdeaccessibility-3.3.1.tar.bz2
• kdeaddons-3.3.1.tar.bz2
• kdeadmin-3.3.1.tar.bz2
• kdeartwork-3.3.1.tar.bz2
• kdebase-3.3.1.tar.bz2
• kdebindings-3.3.1.tar.bz2
• kdeedu-3.3.1.tar.bz2
• kdegames-3.3.1.tar.bz2
• kdegraphics-3.3.1.tar.bz2
• kdelibs-3.3.1.tar.bz2
• kdemultimedia-3.3.1.tar.bz2
• kdenetwork-3.3.1.tar.bz2
• kdepim-3.3.1.tar.bz2
• kdesdk-3.3.1.tar.bz2
• kdetoys-3.3.1.tar.bz2
• kdeutils-3.3.1.tar.bz2
• kdewebdev-3.3.1.tar.bz2

Besides in KDE packages "arts" and "kdevelop", and also a package "kde-i18n", providing internationalization of environment, and also packages of localization for separate languages, among which - almost all possible enter.

All this set in initial codes borrows volume almost 300 mbyte. However all is far not listed necessarily to installation and uploading. The first candidate to deduction from the list - a package kde-i18n (it already more than 100 Mb): it is obvious, that nobody is necessary support of kind fifty languages simultaneously.

Further, the package kdevelop is necessary only for developers, the majority of users it can quite manage. Well the user should accept the decision on installation of other packages independently. For what we shall describe purpose of everyone.

Modules, obligatory to installation:

• kdelibs (a set specific for KDE the functions supplementing base library Qt)
• kdebase. (includes basic components KDE - actually window manager KWM and its accessories)
• arts (own sound system KDE used for reproduction of system sounds even in the event that multimedia components KDE are not established).

All other components by options, therefore we shall describe most often used:

• kdegraphics - a package the quite good editor schedules kolourpaint includes viewer the graphic files, very convenient program of shooting of screenshots, unpretentious, but;
• kdemultimedia - in structure of a package very decent player media files noatun;
• kdeutils - its structure includes the calculator;
• kdeadmin - a package of utilities of the system administration demanding, with rare exception, powers root;
• kdenetwork - network components, among which - kppp and kget - the ftp-client, in itself nothing outstanding, but in integration with the file manager/browser konqueror rather promoting simplification, a life;
• kdepim - a package of personal assistants in which are included the post client kmail and a directory;
• kdewebdev - a package of development of web-materials, which basis the excellent editor of html-code Quanta Plus harmoniously supplemented by auxiliary means, such, as makes means of check of integrity of references (klinkstatus) and creations of reference cards (kimagemapeditor);
• kdeaddons (it is absolutely necessary as includes, besides other, plug-in'û for the editor kate, konqueror and other);
• kdeartwork into which enter additional a desktop (wall-papers, icons, etc.)

In most cases it is not necessary the user do installation KDE - with this problem the regular control system of packages consults or setup its distribution kit, or. The problem arises only in the event that the offered scheme of installation for some reason or other does not arrange, for example, owing to notorious redundancy: I already marked, that a number of packages from set KDE of practical sense for the majority of users has no. And here it can appear expedient to resort to manual assembly of demanded components.

In itself process of assembly KDE also does not represent special complexities - it is necessary to maintain balance of assembly of packages only: library "Qt", therefore sound system arts, then - library "kdelibs", and for it - "kdebase" first gathers. Other packages gather after specified in any order.

For installation of its library "Qt" initial it is unpacked in the catalogue by default -/usr/local, the subdirectory of a kind qt-version is as a result formed. It should be renamed:

$ mv qt-version qt

And in profile root a file corrective amendments are brought in values of variables of the description of ways (in detail it is described in the accompanying documentation).

For sh-compatible family it looks approximately so:

These variables be required already at a stage of compilation, therefore it is required either to be authorized anew, or to re-read a profile file in the stipulated image. Then the pair commands is given

$./configure && make

- And Qt it is possible to consider established. By default libraries gather in the same catalogue, as source codes, so necessities for a command make install.

From options of configuration not superfluous the minimum one --qt-gif, including support GIF-schedules (by default, strangely enough, it is not meant) is represented.

It is interesting, that at assembly Qt, similar, any flags gcc are ignored, except for certain is primary in it registered - so it is possible to not take a great interest in optimization of this library. By default Qt gathers with a level of optimization-O2.

Assembly of each of packages actually KDE is carried out by means of three traditional sacral actions-

$./configure && make && make install

From which the special attention is deserved by the first. Feature of configuration scripts of packages KDE that they are usually executed up to the end - even in case of infringement of dependences. Thus dependences "rigid" without which assembly and functioning of a package are impossible, and the "soft" dependences, adding to it unessential (but often involved by default) functions precisely differ.

If with "rigid" dependences all is clear - they are a subject to indispensable satisfaction, - that concerning dependences "soft" is given to the user a choice. For example: among "soft" dependences of packages KDE are found out system of a press cups and system of scanning sane. However it is quite possible, that the user does not require these functions (for example, owing to absence of corresponding units). And consequently quite can take off their instruction of due options of the configuration script - and their full list as it is usual, turns out a command:

./configure - help

By default Qt and packages KDE are established in own branches of the catalogue/usr/local -/usr/local/qt and/usr/local/kde. However recently in many distribution kits Linux the tendency to move such large program complexes in the catalogue/opt (and it is welcomed by the Standard of hierarchy of file system Linux) is looked through. For following this tendency at performance of a configuration script it is necessary to set corresponding options:

After assembly Qt and kdelibs (and before assembly of other packages KDE) it is necessary to make corresponding libraries popular for all appendices. For this purpose it is necessary to enter in a file/etc/ld.so.conf lines: