In the end of 70th years there have been begun research and developmental works on creation of computing systems for parallel processing the information on the basis of theoretical works on computers with dynamic architecture.

Computers with dynamic architecture (DAC) is a class of parallel multiprocessor computers in which basis essentially new approach to the organization of the calculations lays, based on the theory of dynamic automatic networks (DAN).

Any problems can be structures. It is natural, that at each level of abstraction there are primary, not structured, objects and attitudes. They are defined by means of informal semantic descriptions. In the majority the structures corresponding reality, are dynamic. It's mean that change in time as a result of influence on structures of the objects entering into their structure.

The decision of a problem on the computer is usually reduced to modelling structure changes of the object corresponding that problem. Thus from structure objects with which initial data while attitudes between objects are defined implicitly by means of the algorithms (programs) setting transformation of initial data in result are allocated. The structure of the algorithm is usually poorly connected with structure of modelling object. Artificial division of a problem on that and algorithms, on the one hand, essentially complicates preparation of a problem for the decision, and with another - separates modelled object from the calculator changing structure of object therefore there is not a trivial problem of object display on structure of the calculator.

More natural and simple other approach, consisting that the final automatic device is compared with each element of modelled structure is represented. From set of the attitudes defined above elements of structure, the final number of types of primary attitudes is allocated and interautomatic communications are compared with such attitudes. As a result of initial structure the automatic network is compared. If structure dynamic its structure includes such elements which are capable to carry out transformation of this structure, namely introduction into structure of new elements, including new attitudes, removal from structure of elements, change of elements structure. The dynamic automatic network corresponding such structure is the distributed calculator, and the decision of a problem on such calculator is reduced to change of this calculator structure. The decision of a problem comes to an end, when in structure of DAN does not remain the elements changing its structure, and such DAN grows out the decision of a problem. The situation when transformations have cyclic character and result is However, possible is defined in the form of influence DAN on an environment.

Computing systems of multivariate type, network programmed systems can have unlimited parallelism at a level of processors, and accordingly requirements to speed of these processors can be moderated. However presence at the systems majority of the management providing adjustment central device of structure, limits reliability of system as a whole and dynamics of its reorganization, that in turn narrows scopes of such systems. In the same cases, when systems have no central device of management (for example - RPT), at once there is the problem of the distributed dynamic management which is really not having in these systems the effective decision.

The main distinctive feature of computers with dynamic architecture (network dynamic systems) - in their basis lays computing model in which calculation is considered as autotransformation of a network, and in this case the distributed management becomes a special case of calculation.

To other features distinguishing from other systems, that as a basic element the multiprocessor computer is used concerns, instead of the processor or the uniprocessor computer. Mathematical memory is network, while in other systems - it linear, treelike or associative. Instead of a static or on-line-dynamic method of resources distribution in DAM the dynamic way of distribution based on switching automatic networks (SAN) is used. It is important to note, that network character carry not only programs in DAM, but also DAM are a network with any structure.

For the organization of interautomatic communications in DAN the corresponding environment or a switching field is stipulated. As the number of automatic devices in DAN can be as is wished greater, the centralized management of such field is impossible. Management should be distributed on the elements of a field named by switching automatic devices (SAD). Accordingly automatic devices SAD connected to a field, refer to operational. Set SAD and RO, connected among themselves, form a switching automatic network (SAN). Unlike DAN structure SAN remains constant, and structural changes DAN are carried out by means of the communications which are passing through SAD.

Basic purpose SAD - installation and destruction of communications, and transfer of the information on communications. Basic unit of the transferred information is the package consisting of the description and a body. The body corresponds to actually transferred information (data), and the description contains the information necessary for the organization of transfer.

So, in a basis of the computers realizing automatic networks architecture, the principle of the program lays dynamic reorganization. From here and the name - computers with dynamic architecture.

Structure MDA can be received from SAD by an identification of not crossed sets of operational automatic devices with computing modules (CM), and switching automatic devices with switching modules (SM). The operational automatic devices providing functions of interaction with an external world, can be allocated in separate interface modules (IT), connected or to SM, or is direct to CM. On the other hand, the SM and can be integrated by IT in CM so structure MDA can correspond to a network containing only CM.

The external programming language which advantages are is developed for representation of problems:

• New computing model;
• Obvious use of simple and structural attitudes;
• The powerful device of references, including quantifiers (everything, any), references on the sample, structural references;
• Representation in language of any system resources (memory, processors, modules, etc.) and operations above resources.

During with 1982 for 1985 the first computing system with dynamic architecture - multiprocessor ES2704 containing 24 computing modules, 12 switching modules, 6 interface modules has been created. All CM are divided into groups on 4 modules (cluster). Everyone cluster is connected with one IT on the two-byte channel and with two SM on two one-byte channels. Each SM is connected to four other SM, so the length of a way between any to two CM does not exceed three. The computing module is the three-processor computer and contains operating, executive and arithmetic processors, operative memory, scratch-pad memory and the specialized devices providing an exchange between CM and SM. All three processors in CM work simultaneously. The lead tests of multiprocessor ES2704 have shown, that its productivity makes nearby 200 million commands a second.

Multiprocessors ES2704 can be incorporated in a complex through the interface modules (up to four multiprocessors in a complex), that allows to receive average productivity of the order 400 million operations a second. In multiprocessor ES2704 element base IS500 that has not given an opportunity to conduct the further development with application of the specified element base has been used.

Following model of computers with DA was parallel supercomputer RS-30-8. This model containing eight CPU, is constructed with use of microprocessor series TMS320C30 of firm TI. The model has been developed for firm "Boeing" (modelling of work and designing of separate devices of planes of firm) and at tests in 1988 has shown productivity of the order 250 Mflps/sec (peak) and average productivity 150 Mflops/sec at processing the 32-bit information.